Visual technology, carefully unpacked
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Browser-rendered explainers about possibility, media formats, artificial intelligence, and the hidden machinery of ordinary computing.
How many tiny images can exist?
The combinatorial explosion of even a 4×4 black-and-white square, scale analogies with atoms and sand, plus a live 60 fps pixel toy.
Read the post Mathematics • Probability • PlayThe unreasonable space of a deck of cards
52 factorial orders, the mathematics of riffle shuffles, and why deck order is not the same thing as solitaire win probability.
Read the post Media formats • Images • CompressionHow image formats actually work
Raw pixels, JPEG, PNG, WebP, AVIF, GIF, SVG, color depth, alpha, and the visual compromises inside a smaller file.
Follow the pixels Media formats • Video • CompressionHow video formats actually work
Frames, chroma, motion prediction, bitrate, codecs from H.264 to AV1, and containers from MP4 to WebM.
Follow the frames AI & ML • Neural networks • InteractiveHow a neural network learns
Tensors, weighted sums, activations, loss, backpropagation, gradients, and the repeated update that turns examples into parameters.
Follow the gradient AI & ML • LLMs • LanguageHow an LLM produces a sentence
Tokens, embeddings, attention, transformer blocks, logits, sampling, context, and the one-token-at-a-time generation loop.
Follow the tokens AI & ML • Hardware • InferenceWhat actually runs an ML model?
Model files, runtimes, tensor kernels, CPUs, GPUs, NPUs, memory bandwidth, quantization, batching, and serving.
Follow the computationSeven pieces. Filter by subject, or follow whichever question is tugging at you.